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Phelim Caoch Ó Neill
Phelim Caoch O'Neill ((アイルランド語:Feidhlimidh Caoch Ó Néill)) (1517 to 1542) was a Prince of the Cenél nEógain.
The eldest son of King Conn Bacach O'Neill.〔Hiram Morgan, ''Tyrone's Rebellion, The Outbreak of the Nine Years War in Tudor Ireland,'' The Royal Historical Society, The Boydell Press, p. 86〕 Conn came from a long line of Ulster kings and was known throughout all the O'Neill provinces as "The O'Neill" or the most supreme among all the O'Neill Lords. Phelim's mother was Lady Alice Fitzgerald, the daughter of Gerald FitzGerald, 8th Earl of Kildare. His father and maternal grandfather were probably the two most powerful men in Ireland in the 1540s.
==Early life==
Phelim Caoch (the blind) was a son of Conn O'Neill, 1st Earl of Tyrone, then The O'Neill, lord of Tir Eoghan. Phelim was raised in the Gaelic fashion at his father's principal residence, his castle at Dungannon, County Tyrone, and was groomed as his father's taniste to one day succeed as lord of Tir Eoghan himself. At the time of his birth, his uncle was The O'Neill, but in 1519, Phelim's father Conn Bacach assumed the title of The O'Neill, and the senior position among the three great O'Neill clans: Tir Eoghan, the Fews, and Clanaboy. The O'Neill was traditionally the supreme rí or provincial king of Ulster, with traditional authority over the uirríthe or subservient kings of the province.〔E. Ó Doibhlin (ed) ‘Ceart Ui Néill’, Seanchas Ardmhhacha, 5, 1970〕 Phelim grew up learning the diplomacy and art of rule and war in Ulster. He took part in activities of his father's kingdom, including a stint as a hostage to the English just before his death. A part of Irish culture of that period was the custom of raiding. Raids against neighbouring lords for cattle was a primary past time for young noblemen. Especially in Ulster, cattle was main element of wealth. Thus the outcome of a raid weakened or promoted a junior Lord in the sixteenth century Ireland.
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